A national overview of where U.S. municipalities stand on gas-powered leaf blower regulation. Drill down by state for ordinances, timelines, and the state-level law shaping each jurisdiction.
Research covers 50 states + DC. "Activity" means at least one statute, municipal ordinance, or state-level ban has been recorded.
Arizona's state-level GLB regulation is frozen in amber from a 2007–08 "Brown Cloud" PM-10 era. ARS § 49-457.01 (enacted via HB 2798, effective March 31, 2008) prohibits blowing landscape debris into public roadways, restricts leaf-blower use to stabilized surfaces, and requires triennial ADEQ-approved training for paid operators — applicable in counties ≥2M population (Maricopa) or EPA-designated PM-10 nonattainment (Pinal, Pima partial). It is a fugitive-dust statute, not a fuel-source rule. Executive Order 2007-03 (Governor Napolitano, February 2007) bans gas-powered landscape equipment on state property in Maricopa/Pima/Pinal counties (effective June 30, 2007); not rescinded but not actively audited. Maricopa County Rule P-25 (February 2008) requires Area A municipalities to prohibit government-fleet leaf-blower operation on High Pollution Advisory days except in vacuum mode. HB 2686 (2020, Ducey) preempts municipalities from "codes or ordinances that could have the effect of restricting a person's or entity's ability to use the services of a utility provider" — drafted in response to Berkeley CA's natural-gas ban. While it does not explicitly name lawn equipment, the preemption shadow is real enough that any Arizona charter-city gas-specific GLB ordinance would face a plausible state-law challenge. AG Opinion I18-004 (Brnovich, 2018) further constrains charter-city noise authority against state-recognized equipment specifications. No AZ GLB/SORE bill has been filed in any of the 53rd–57th Legislatures (2017–2026).
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in Arizona. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
In Maricopa County, the county offers residents and commercial operators vouchers to purchase new electric lawn equipment when they turn in gas-powered equipment to be recycled.
In Pima County, both residents and commercial operators can recieve vouchers for zero emissions lawn and garden equipment when they turn in their gas-powered equipment.
Arkansas's state-level posture on energy-choice municipal regulation operates through a single 2021 preemption statute plus Gov. Sanders's aggressive anti-ESG legislative leadership. Act 308 (2021), signed by then-Gov. Asa Hutchinson (R), prohibits local governments from adopting any ordinance aimed at limiting the energy source utility customers might prefer. Parallel to Arizona HB 2686 (2020), Tennessee 2020, Oklahoma, and Louisiana La. R.S. 30:2379. Act 308 does not name lawn equipment but its energy-choice framing creates a legal shadow over any hypothetical Arkansas municipal Berkeley-style GLB ordinance. Gov. Sarah Huckabee Sanders (R, January 2023–) has led the nation in anti-ESG legislation — Arkansas has enacted 7+ anti-ESG measures since 2021 per Arkansas Advocate (July 2025). Sanders sued EPA over ozone regulations (2023), signed the Arkansas Wind Energy Development Act with stringent siting, and issued an EO to Speed Permitting for Economic Development Projects. No GLB-specific EO. Sanders's environmental posture is structurally hostile to any future GLB pathway. No state GLB/SORE bill has been filed in the 94th GA (2025) or 95th GA (2026). The combined Act 308 + anti-ESG framework is the operative constraint on any Arkansas municipal fuel-source ordinance.
The only statewide gas-equipment sales ban in the U.S. AB 1346 (Berman, 2021) directed CARB to prohibit the sale of new small off-road engines (SORE) — leaf blowers, mowers, chainsaws, edgers, trimmers, pressure washers, and portable generators. Effective for engines manufactured on or after January 1, 2024. Enforced at the manufacturer, distributor, and retailer level; does not restrict operation of pre-ban equipment. Farmers and emergency responders exempt. $30M was appropriated for small-business transition. Federal preemption litigation (OPEI 9th Circuit petition) is paused pending Trump EPA review of California's Clean Air Act §209(e) authorization.
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in California. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
Atherton offers a $250 rebate for residents who purchase an electric leaf blower and associated batteries and chargers.
The city of Burlingame offers rebates for both residents and commercial landscapers for the purchase of electric leaf blowers.
In California, several rebate and grant programs are available throughout the state both for residential and commercial use.
In Irvine, the city offers rebates to recycle gas-powered lawn equipment and purchase electric models instead.
Palm Springs offers rebates for residents who exchange their gas-powered leaf blowers for electric equipment and for landscaping companies to purchase electric lawn equipment or replacement batteries.
In Los Angeles County, Orange County, Riverside County and San Bernardino County, South Coast AQMD is offering residents rebates up to $250 for the purchase of new electric lawn equipment.
Colorado Air Quality Control Commission Regulation 29 restricts all government entities (state agencies, local governments, municipalities, counties, public school districts, special districts) and their commercial contractors from using gas-powered handheld lawn and garden equipment during the summer ozone season (June 1 – August 31) in the Denver Metro / North Front Range ozone nonattainment area. Covered equipment includes aerators, brush cutters, chainsaws, push mowers, leaf blowers, power washers, rotary tillers, shredders, string trimmers, and similar push / hand-held gas equipment. The rule went into effect June 1, 2025 (Denver Gazette, Jun 5 2025). Residential and most private commercial use remain unrestricted. Colorado has not adopted a CARB-equivalent sales ban. Boulder, after a multi-year study, deferred regulatory action in favor of a voluntary voucher pilot.
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in Colorado. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
Boulder County offers grants to professional landscape companies for up to 80% of the purchase price of electric lawn and landscaping equipment, up to $30,000. There is currently a wait list for funding.
In Colorado, direct point-of-sale discounts of 30% are offered at participating retailers statewide for the purchase of electric lawn equipment. Additionally, the Regional Air Quality Council has a commercial grant program and residential vouchers for electric lawn equipment through the Mow Down Pollution program.
Empire Electric Association offers their members rebates of up to 25% for purchasing new electric lawn equipment and snow blowers and up to 50% for associated batteries.
Gunnison County Electric Association offers members rebates of $25-$1000 for the purchase of electric outdoor power equipment or associated batteries.
High West Energy offers their members rebates of up to 25% for purchasing new electric lawn equipment and snow blowers and up to 50% for associated batteries.
Highline Electric Association offers members rebates of $25-$1000 for the purchase of electric outdoor power equipment or associated batteries.
Holy Cross Energy offers members rebates of 25% of the purchase price of electric outdoor power equipment, up to $300.
K.C. Electric Association offers their members rebates of up to 25% for purchasing new electric lawn equipment and snow blowers and up to 50% for associated batteries.
La Plata Electric Association offers members rebates of a maximum of $25-$1000 for the purchase of electric outdoor power equipment or associated batteries.
Morgan County Rural Electric Association offers their members rebates of up to 25% for purchasing new electric lawn equipment and snow blowers and up to 50% for associated batteries.
Mountain Parks Electric offers members rebates of $25-$1000 for the purchase of electric outdoor power equipment or associated batteries, plus $1500 for electric pallet jacks and $5000 for electric forklifts.
Mountain View Electric Association offers members rebates of $25-$1000 for the purchase of electric outdoor power equipment or associated batteries.
Poudre Valley Rural Electric Association offers members rebates of $25-$1000 for the purchase of electric outdoor power equipment or associated batteries.
San Isabel Electric Association offers their members rebates of up to 25% for purchasing new electric lawn equipment and snow blowers and up to 50% for associated batteries.
San Luis Valley Rural Electric Cooperative offers their members rebates of up to 25% for purchasing new electric lawn equipment and snow blowers and up to 50% for associated batteries.
San Miguel Power Association offers members rebates of $25-$1000 for the purchase of electric outdoor power equipment or associated batteries.
Sangre de Cristo Electric Association offers members rebates of $25-$1000 for the purchase of electric outdoor power equipment or associated batteries.
Southeast Colorado Power Association offers their members rebates of up to 25% for purchasing new electric lawn equipment and snow blowers and up to 50% for associated batteries.
United Power offers members rebates of $75-$150 for the purchase of electric lawn mowers or snow blowers.
White River Electric Association offers members rebates of $25-$1000 for the purchase of electric outdoor power equipment or associated batteries.
Y-W Electric Association offers their members rebates for electric outdoor power equipment such as lawn equipment and snow blowers.
Yampa Valley Electric Association offers members rebates of 25% of the purchase price of electric lawn equipment, up to $150 per item, capped at $300 per member.
Original SB 319 (2026) would have banned sale of gas handheld/backpack blowers January 1, 2029 and use September 1, 2030, funded via the Public Benefits Charge on electric bills. On March 19, 2026, the Environment Committee advanced the bill 26–8 with the ban provisions stripped — leaving only a Connecticut Green Bank loan program for commercial landscapers. The Yankee Institute's "regressive utility-bill funding" framing is widely credited with the removal. Five Connecticut towns (Greenwich, Norwalk, Stamford, Westport, Wallingford) have municipal restrictions in force.
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in Delaware. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
In New Castle County, a nonprofit called Powering Our Future has offered rebates for electric lawn equipment as well as occasional electric leaf blower giveaway events.
SB 290 (2026 "Florida Farm Bill"), signed by Gov. DeSantis March 23, 2026, creates Fla. Stat. §§ 125.489 and 166.0415, preempting county and municipal regulation of engines based on fuel source. No grandfather clause. Takes effect July 1, 2026, at which point eight pre-existing Florida municipal ordinances (Naples, Key Biscayne, Town of Palm Beach, Miami Beach, Pinecrest, South Miami, Surfside, Winter Park — already repealed by referendum) become unenforceable for their fuel-source provisions. Equal-application noise rules survive.
The nation's originating state-preemption jurisdiction on GLB regulation. The Landscape Equipment and Agricultural Fairness (LEAF) Act, HB 374 (Rep. Brad Thomas), was signed by Gov. Brian Kemp on May 2, 2023 — predating Texas SB 1017 by ~4 months and Florida SB 290 by almost 3 years. Codified at O.C.G.A. § 36-60-30. Bars any political subdivision from regulating landscape equipment based on fuel source or engine type. Uniquely, a Sen. Elena Parent (D-42) amendment added a sunset clause: the preemption expires June 30, 2031, at which point Georgia municipalities could act unless the General Assembly reauthorizes. Only equal-application noise / decibel ordinances survive (Decatur's 2024 ordinance is the model framework).
Hawaii's state-level GLB restriction framework — noise-based rather than emissions-based, designed specifically to avoid federal Clean Air Act §209(e) preemption per Hawaii Attorney General Office guidance. HI Rev Stat § 342F-30.8 (Leaf Blowers; restrictions) — in any urban land use district, it is unlawful for any person to operate a leaf blower within a residential zone or within 100 feet of a residential zone except between 8:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. on weekdays and 9:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. on Sundays and state/federal holidays. Violators face fines of $50 for the first violation, $100 for the second, $200 for the third, and $500 for each subsequent violation. Any county may adopt stricter rules or ordinances, and the more restrictive requirements apply in case of conflict. 2024 noise-based sale ban (SB 628 / HB 2804 session) prohibits the sale of any leaf blower or string trimmer rated by its manufacturer at greater than 70 decibels when measured at 50 feet, effective July 1, 2027. Removes the prior government-entity exemption. Federal preemption avoidance — per Honolulu Civil Beat December 2023 reporting, the Hawaii AG Office told legislators that an emissions-based GLB ban would run afoul of federal CAA §209(e) preemption because emissions are regulated solely by the federal government; the AG's Office recommended a noise-based alternative, which became the 2024 statute. Hawaii is the only state-level GLB framework in the U.S. deliberately designed around federal preemption avoidance. CT OLR 2024-R-0177 lists Hawaii as one of six state-level restriction jurisdictions (CA, DC, AZ, HI, CO, VT). Honolulu Bill 68 (2020) — predating state statute, City and County of Honolulu ordinance banning sale or use of gas-powered leaf blowers on Oahu.
HB 4805 (103rd General Assembly, 2023–2024), sponsored by Rep. Anne Stava-Murray (D-81), would have banned gas leaf blowers statewide effective January 1, 2025 with a $500 civil penalty. Died Session Sine Die on January 7, 2025 without a hearing. No 104th-session successor bill. Predecessor SB 3313 (101st GA) also died. Illinois's home-rule framework (Article VII §6) means no state enabling bill is structurally required — two full-ban cities (Evanston since 2023, Oak Park since June 2025) plus a 7-village North Shore seasonal cluster have acted without state permission.
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in Illinois. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
In Elgin, the city offers rebates for the purchase of electric lawn equipment, electric snow blowers or manual reel mowers.
Governor Mike Braun (R, inaugurated January 13, 2025) has issued three executive orders that systematically dismantle Indiana's climate-and-environment regulatory apparatus. EO 25-38 (March 12, 2025) directs Indiana agencies not to promulgate or retain environmental rules exceeding federal Clean Air, Clean Water, or Safe Drinking Water Act standards unless statutorily mandated; IDEM must identify "unduly burdensome" rules by July 1, 2025 and review all stricter-than-federal rules by December 31, 2025. EO 25-49 (April 2025) restricts state agencies from developing climate action plans or GHG pricing mechanisms, effectively suspending the March 2024 Indiana Priority Climate Action Plan. EO 25-66 creates a Strategic Energy Growth Task Force focused on maintaining coal generation and deploying nuclear, with no SORE or lawn-equipment line items. Braun has also prohibited IDEM from considering environmental justice in permit decisions. The net structural consequence: any future Indiana IDEM SORE rulemaking is blocked at the gubernatorial level through at least January 2029 (Braun's first-term end). These EOs are not on-point to GLB regulation but directly foreclose the regulatory pathway that would otherwise host any future state SORE rule. No GLB/SORE-specific statute or bill exists in Indiana.
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in Indiana. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
The 18 electric cooperatives that are part of Hoosier Energy offer rebates for the purchase of electric lawn equipment.
The South Central Indiana Rural Electric Membership Corporation is one of many electric cooperatives in Indiana that offers members rebates for the purchase of electric lawn equipment.
Louisiana has the strongest energy-choice preemption layer of any state surveyed — two stacked preemption statutes combined with Gov. Jeff Landry's climate-denial agenda. La. R.S. 30:2379 (2020) — natural-gas-hookup preemption, codified in Title 30 (Minerals, Oil, and Gas and Environmental Quality) §2379; joined the 2020 AZ/TN/OK quartet responding to Berkeley CA's July 2019 natural-gas-infrastructure ban. Act 512 of 2022 — preempts local laws prohibiting or restricting a person's ability to use liquefied petroleum gas services; extends 2020 preemption to LPG. Neither statute names lawn equipment directly, but the layered framework creates a legal shadow over any hypothetical Louisiana municipal Berkeley-style gas-specific GLB ordinance that could be characterized as restricting consumer access to fossil-fuel-based equipment. Gov. Jeff Landry (R, inaugurated January 2024, former U.S. Rep and LA AG) — characterized by Louisiana Illuminator as climate-change denier. October 15, 2025 EO (JML 25-119) halts new Class VI carbon sequestration permit applications pending policy revision. Earlier EO directed LDEQ environmental-permitting modernization for "timelier workflow." No GLB-specific EO. Landry's deregulatory posture is durable through January 2028. No state GLB/SORE bill has been filed in the 2024 or 2025 Regular Sessions. The combined preemption layer plus Landry agenda produces the most structurally hostile environment for any GLB pathway surveyed in the U.S.
Maine's distinctive state-level climate framework under Gov. Janet Mills. Executive Order 9 (2019) — Maine Climate Action Plan directive creating the Maine Climate Council. Maine Won't Wait: Maine Climate Action Plan (December 2020) — aggressive original four-year plan. Updated 2024 Maine Climate Action Plan (November 21, 2024) — four-year update released at Morse High School in Bath, building on Maine's nation-leading successes in reducing emissions, tackling climate-change resilience, and growing the economy with clean energy jobs. Community Resilience Partnership — 200+ Maine communities enrolled as of Mills's 2024 State of the State announcement (exceeded 100-community goal). Efficiency Maine Trust — independent nonprofit administrator of energy-efficiency programs (IRA Home Energy Rebates, heat pumps, weatherization, clean transportation). "Lead by example" sustainability plan for Maine state government operations. Maine is a U.S. Climate Alliance member. None of these framework documents specifically addresses small-off-road engines or landscape equipment — but the institutional capacity exists to direct future rebate dollars toward electric lawn equipment if politically desired. The gap between Maine's climate-leader framework and the absence of GLB-specific action distinguishes Maine from peer climate-leader states (CA AB 1346, CO AQCC Reg 29, VT Act 154). No Maine GLB/SORE bill has been filed in the 131st (2023–24) or 132nd (2025–26) Legislatures. Mills term-limited January 2027.
No statewide ban in force. Del. Linda Foley (D-Montgomery) has sponsored enabling bills across four sessions (HB 934 2022, HB 399 2023, HB 1240 2024, HB 701 "Clean Air Quiet Communities Act" 2025) — all died in committee. Reintroduced in 2026 and still pending. Regulation happens at the county / municipal level, anchored by Montgomery County's Bill 18-22 (countywide year-round use ban, full effective July 1, 2025) and Baltimore City's Bill 23-0367 (full year-round ban begins December 16, 2026).
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in Maryland. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
In Bowie, the city offers rebates for electric lawn equipment.
In College Park, the Department of Public Works is offering rebates to residents for the purchase of electric or manual lawn equipment.
Montgomery County offers local residents and landscaping businesses rebates for the purchase of electric leaf blowers.
In University Park, the city offers residents rebates of up to $100 for purchasing electric lawn equipment.
Massachusetts has no state-level GLB ban. MassDEP's 310 CMR 7.10 noise regulation exempts "domestic equipment such as lawn mowers and power saws" between 7am and 9pm — functionally a backstop rather than a front-line rule. Three 193rd-session incentive bills (S.555, H.909, H.3055) to create grant/loan/tax-credit programs for gas-to-electric swaps all died in committee; no 194th-session successor has advanced. All substantive regulation is municipal — 20+ cities and towns across Middlesex, Norfolk, Essex, Nantucket, and Dukes counties. Attorney General Municipal Law Unit approves town bylaws under G.L. c. 40 §32.
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in Massachusetts. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
In Massachusetts, MassSave offers rebates to certain ultility customers for purchasing electric lawn equipment, and at some participating stores, offers point-of-sale rebates to utility customers.
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in Michigan. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
Great Lakes Energy in Michigan offers members rebates for the purchase of certain electric lawn equipment.
In Holland, the Board of Public Works offers rebates for recycling gas-powered lawn equipment and upgrading to electric models.
Lansing Board of Water & Light offers rebates of $25-$150 for residents and $250-$1000 for commercial operators for the purchase of electric lawn equipment.
Presque Isle Electric & Gas Co-op in Michigan offers members rebates to purchase certain electric lawn equipment.
Minnesota's only GLB bill was HF 1715 (93rd Legislature, 2023–24), chief-authored by Rep. Jerry Newton (DFL-Coon Rapids) and Rep. Heather Edelson (DFL-Edina). The bill would have banned sale of all gas-powered lawn and garden equipment ≤25 hp (lawnmowers, leaf blowers, hedge clippers, chainsaws, lawn edgers, string trimmers, brush cutters) on or after January 1, 2025; snow blowers excluded, ice-resurfacing machines included. Introduced February 13, 2023, referred to Commerce Finance and Policy Committee; the committee chair publicly confirmed it would not receive a hearing. Died end-of-biennium. No Senate companion was filed. The decisive political factor was intra-DFL Iron Range opposition — Rep. Dave Lislegard (DFL-Aurora) publicly opposed, making the bill unviable even under a DFL trifecta. No successor bill has been filed in the 94th Legislature (2025–26); the DFL lost its House majority in November 2024. MPCA has not adopted CARB SORE standards; Minnesota is not a Clean Air Act §177 state. State-level activity has concentrated on funding the transition rather than banning the equipment — MPCA Alternative Landscaping Equipment grants distributed $452K across 2018–23 (168 grantees, estimated 361 tons/year VOC reduction), and a $1M pilot consumer rebate program (2024 appropriation, EJ-targeted) is in RFP phase with applications due May 8, 2026.
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in Minnesota. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
Dakota Electric Association members in Minnesota can receive rebates for the purchase of electric lawn equipment and snow blowers.
OtterTail Power Company customers in Minnesota can receive rebates of $25-$750 for the purchase of electric lawn equipment and snow blowers.
Xcel Energy customers in Minnesota can receive residential or commercial rebates for purchasing electric lawn mowers.
Missouri's state-level posture on energy-choice municipal regulation. HB 734 (2021) — signed by then-Gov. Mike Parson (R), prohibits local governments from enacting ordinances restricting utility service based on fuel source. Parallel to AZ HB 2686 (2020), TN 2020, OK HB 3619 (2020), LA R.S. 30:2379 (2020), AR Act 308 (2021). Missouri is in Pluribus News preemption-state list (GA/TX/FL/MS/MO/TN/LA/OK). Per KCUR September 2022 ("When Kansas City designed a climate plan, its hands were tied by a 2021 Missouri law") and Kansas City Beacon coverage, HB 734 structurally constrained Kansas City's 2022 Climate Protection and Resiliency Plan — the most-documented state-local preemption constraint on a climate plan surveyed in this research pass. KC's climate plan explicitly notes HB 734 constraints on aggressive energy-source municipal regulation. Does not name lawn equipment but energy-choice framing shadows any fuel-source municipal ordinance. Gov. Mike Kehoe (R, inaugurated January 2025) continues Parson energy-forward framework; signed major utility bill April 2025. No GLB-specific EO. No state GLB/SORE bill in 2024 or 2025 Missouri Legislative Sessions.
Montana is listed in industry trade-publication coverage (Insidenova / Billings Gazette syndication) among states that "have prohibited municipal bans on gas-powered equipment" alongside Georgia, Texas, Louisiana, and North Carolina. The North Carolina classification is disputed in this tracker's research (see 0085 migration — NC has Lanvale-plain-meaning judicial barrier but no express GLB preemption statute). The specific Montana preemption statute has not been verified in this research pass. Montana may have general energy-choice preemption similar to the AZ HB 2686 2020 / TN 2020 / OK HB 3619 2020 / LA R.S. 30:2379 2020 / AR Act 308 2021 / MO HB 734 2021 pattern, or may be miscategorized by the industry source. 2023 Montana legislation banned the state from analyzing climate impacts (per Montana Free Press April 2023) — the most concrete adjacent climate-policy rollback. Gov. Greg Gianforte's aggressive conservative agenda (May 2025 extreme risk protection orders ban, energy-forward focus) reinforces the broader preemption-shadow posture. No GLB/SORE-specific bill has been enacted in 2023-24 or 2025 Montana Legislature Regular Sessions. Pending verification of specific preemption citation, this statute row is coded as "guidance" capturing the trade-publication-level characterization.
Nevada's distinctive state-level posture on landscape equipment operates through water-supply restriction rather than emissions regulation. AB 356 (81st Legislative Session, June 2021) directed SNWA to develop a plan for removal of nonfunctional turf in the Las Vegas Valley and prohibits Colorado River water for approximately 4,000 acres of nonfunctional turf on non-single-family-residential properties beginning January 1, 2027. Defines "nonfunctional turf" as grass not used for sports, picnics, or recreation (streetscape, HOA-managed non-recreational turf, etc.). Single-family residential properties exempt. Creates the Nonfunctional Turf Removal Advisory Committee (NTRAC). Southern Nevada Water Authority's Water Smart Landscapes Rebate Program (operating continuously since 1999) provides $5/sq ft for turf-to-desert conversion (up to 10,000 sq ft residential; commercial/HOA/multi-family parallel). 250 million sq ft (~5,740 acres) removed since 1999; 203 billion gallons of water saved; 30 golf courses removed 900+ acres. Functions as de facto GLB transition subsidy — each square foot of turf removed eliminates maintenance demand. Governor Joe Lombardo's Executive Order 2023-007 (March 2023) outlined state energy policy on electrification plus continued natural gas use; Nevada exited the U.S. Climate Alliance in July 2023; Lombardo pulled offline predecessor Sisolak's EO 2019-22 climate framework. These combined policy layers shape Nevada's GLB regulatory pathway without naming lawn equipment — the state is becoming a less-grass state by water-policy force rather than regulating the equipment itself. No Nevada GLB/SORE bill has been filed in the 81st, 82nd, or 83rd Legislative Sessions (2021, 2023, 2025). AB 356's January 1, 2027 effective date is the key 2026–28 variable.
S623 (introduced January 13, 2026, reintroduced from the failed S217) would prohibit sale and use of gas-powered leaf blowers statewide. Currently in Senate Environment and Energy Committee. New Jersey has no enacted state-level GLB law; regulation has been entirely municipal, led by Essex County towns (Maplewood, Montclair, West Orange, Millburn, Summit) and the Mercer County bellwether (Princeton).
New Mexico's distinctive state-level climate framework. Executive Order 2019-003 (January 29, 2019) committed NM to 45% GHG reduction below 2005 levels by 2030, directed state agencies to develop clean-energy policies, and joined the U.S. Climate Alliance. Energy Transition Act (2019) — among the most aggressive state RPS/CES standards, setting zero-carbon resources standards for investor-owned utilities by 2045 and rural electric cooperatives by 2050. New Mexico Climate Action Plan (December 19, 2025) — roadmap to 45% reduction by 2030 and net-zero by 2050 as directed by EO 2019-003. In May 2023, Gov. Lujan Grisham was elected to the U.S. Climate Alliance Executive Committee. None of these documents identifies landscape equipment or small-off-road engines as a reduction category — but the climate-leader posture creates a receptive environment for future municipal or state-level GLB action that is absent in null-states without comparable state framework.
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in New Mexico. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
Central New Mexico Electric Cooperative offers their members rebates of up to 25% for purchasing new electric lawn equipment and snow blowers and up to 50% for associated batteries.
Columbus Electric Cooperative offers their members rebates of up to 25% for purchasing new electric lawn equipment and snow blowers and up to 50% for associated batteries.
Continental Divide Electric Cooperative offers their members rebates for purchasing electric lawn equipment and snow blowers.
Jemez Mountains Electric Cooperative offers their members rebates for purchasing new electric lawn equipment and snow blowers.
Otero County Electric Cooperative offers their members rebates of up to 25% for purchasing new electric lawn equipment and snow blowers.
Three state-level bills, divergent status. S5853A (Senate) / A2657A (Assembly) — Electric Landscaping Equipment Rebate Program — passed the Assembly April 21, 2026 and the Senate April 22, 2026, and is now on Governor Hochul's desk for signature. A prior version was vetoed by Gov. Hochul in December 2022; the current bill was revised to narrow eligibility (professional landscapers + institutional users) and give NYSERDA more discretion over program shape. A2114 (Assembly, successor to A705) — would prohibit sale of new gas-powered leaf blowers and mowers statewide by January 1, 2027 — remains in committee. S424 (Senate) — would prohibit use between May 1 and September 30 — remains in committee.
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in New York. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
In Springville, the Independent Energy Efficiency Program is offering up to $500 in rebates to homeowners who upgrade their gas-powered lawn equipment to electric equipment.
The city of Yonkers offers rebates for both residential and commercial electric leaf blowers.
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in Ohio. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
The city of Cleveland provides a rebate to residents of Cuyahoga County who upgrade their gas-powered lawn mower to an electric lawn mower.
In Portage County, the Akron Air Quality Management District offers residents rebates for electric lawn care.
Through the Mow Greener Exchange Program, the Southwest Ohio Air Quality Agency offers incentives to area residents who upgrade their gas-powered lawn mower to an electric model.
In Summit County, the Akron Air Quality Management District offers rebates for electric lawn care equipment.
In Toledo, the city provides a rebate who homeowners who upgrade their gas-powered lawn mower to an electric lawn mower.
Oklahoma's state-level posture on energy-choice municipal regulation. HB 3619 (signed May 19, 2020 by Gov. Kevin Stitt R) amended Oklahoma Statutes Title 11 §14-107 to prohibit cities, towns, or counties from adopting real estate development, building, or construction ordinances, rules, or codes restricting or prohibiting connections to the facilities of utility providers. Also prohibits discrimination in adoption of rules or codes against one or more utility providers based upon the nature or source of the utility service. Goal: prohibit local governments from banning natural-gas connections. Part of the 2020 AZ HB 2686 / TN / OK HB 3619 / LA La. R.S. 30:2379 preemption quartet responding to Berkeley CA's July 2019 natural-gas-infrastructure ban. Does not name lawn equipment but energy-choice framing creates legal shadow over any hypothetical Oklahoma municipal Berkeley-style GLB ordinance. Applies to charter cities (OKC, Tulsa, others) under Oklahoma Constitution Article XVIII §3. Oklahoma Energy First HB 2747 (February 2025) accelerates natural gas generation and reinstates state oversight of critical infrastructure — no SORE line items but continues Stitt administration's natural-gas-forward energy framework. No state GLB/SORE bill has been filed in the 2024 or 2025 Legislative Sessions.
Four separate GLB/SORE-specific bills have died in the Oregon Legislative Assembly across three sessions. HB 3350 (80th LA, 2019 — Rep. Keny-Guyer / Sens. Dembrow, Fagan): statewide GLB use + sale ban; informational hearing only, died in committee. HB 3023 (81st LA, 2021 — Rep. Smith Warner): GLB ban inside Urban Growth Boundaries with population ≥300,000 (effectively Portland-targeted); informational hearing only, died in committee. SB 525 + HB 2970 (82nd LA, 2023 — Sen. Dembrow / Rep. Neron): directed the Environmental Quality Commission to adopt CARB-equivalent SORE Title 13 standards effective January 1, 2026; public hearing March 23, 2023, died at adjournment sine die June 25, 2023. HB 2528 (82nd LA, 2023 — OLCA-backed alternative): 50% income/corporate tax credit for battery-powered equipment purchases, 2024–2029 sunset; House hearing, did not advance. No GLB-specific bill filed in the 83rd Legislative Assembly (2025 long session or 2026 short session) — shut out under Oregon's 2-bill-per-legislator cap in sessions dominated by immigration, transportation, and absenteeism. Oregon is not a Clean Air Act §177 state; Oregon DEQ has not adopted CARB SORE standards. Portland's municipal ordinance (Ord. 191653) proceeds without state enabling.
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in Pennsylvania. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
West Norriton offers a $100 rebate for residents who purchase electric powered lawn and garden equipment.
Rhode Island appropriated $250,000 to an electric leaf blower rebate program in 2025 — the most concrete Northeast neighboring-state incentive action per CT OLR Report 2025-R-0139. Administered by the Office of Energy Resources (OER). No statewide use or sales restriction. Providence enacted a phased municipal ordinance (passed October 2, 2025) with city departments off gas by 2028 and a year-round ban taking effect January 1, 2033 — one of the longest phase-in windows in the country.
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in Rhode Island. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
Eligible landscaping businesses in Rhode Island can receive the lesser of $1,500 or 75% of the cost of an electric leaf blower and related batteries. Additionally, eligible businesses located in municipalities with the highest asthma rates can receive an additional $250.00. Application period closes June 16, 2025.
Two 88th-session (2023) bills legally stripped Texas cities of authority to adopt GLB ordinances. SB 1017 (Birdwell / Landgraf, signed May 27, 2023; effective September 1, 2023) added Ch. 247 to the Local Government Code prohibiting any political subdivision from regulating engines "based on its fuel source" — explicitly targeted at Dallas's pending phase-out plan. HB 2127, the Texas Regulatory Consistency Act ("Death Star"), creates field preemption across eight state codes with a private trade-association right of action; the Third Court of Appeals reversed a lower-court injunction July 18, 2025. Only decibel-cap workarounds (West University Place) and incentive programs (Austin Energy rebates) remain available.
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in Texas. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
Austin Energy offers discounts for purchasing electric lawn equipment at select local retailers.
In Dallas, the city has approved a rebate program for residents who purchase electric lawn equipment; it is expected to launch in 2025.
Starting in the summer of 2025, Denton will be offering residents a rebate on all battery-powered lawn equipment, with extra incentives to turn in old gas-powered equipment.
In Sunset Valley, the city offers a 50% rebate on electric and propane-powered lawn equipment.
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in Utah. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
Salt Lake City has offered vouchers of $75-$495 for different electric handheld landscaping tools and snowblowers in the past.
The state of Utah offers $100-200 for residents and $3000 for commercial users who recycle eligible gas handheld landscaping tools in favor of electric. Participants must be in Davis, Salt Lake, Tooele, Utah or Weber counties.
Vermont's FY2021 Appropriations Act ("Big Bill"), 2020 Acts No. 154 Sec. E.112, directs the Department of Buildings and General Services (BGS) to "only purchase, lease, or acquire battery-electric lawn mowers, leaf blowers, and trimmers" starting October 1, 2020, provided a functional equivalent is available. This is a state-grounds procurement rule, not a public-facing ban. The dominant Vermont policy mechanism is the utility-rebate / voluntary-transition ecosystem under Tier III RES (30 V.S.A. § 8005), covering all 17 VT electric utilities. Burlington is the only Vermont municipality with a binding GLB ordinance.
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in Vermont. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
In Burlington, Burlington Electric offers generous rebates for electric lawn equipment.
In Vermont, several electric utilities offer rebates for purchasing both residential and commercial electric lawn equipment.
As a Dillon Rule state, Virginia localities cannot ban anything without express General Assembly grant — producing an unbroken six-session losing streak of GLB enabling bills (HB 1337 2022; HB 644/SB 305 2024; SB 1171 2025; HB 881/SB 687 2026), blocked primarily by the Stihl-anchored Virginia Manufacturers Association. The August 2024 Attorney General Miyares advisory opinion unlocked a noise-ordinance pathway, telling Alexandria it could regulate GLBs through its existing noise-ordinance power without waiting for enabling legislation. That opinion produced Alexandria's Ordinance 5588 (May 2025) and Arlington County's 2026 drafting process.
Two GLB-specific bills, both chief-sponsored by Rep. Amy Walen (D-48, Kirkland), died in the 68th Legislature (2023–24) without advancing past House Environment & Energy. HB 1868 (pre-filed December 2023) would have banned new sale of gasoline/diesel outdoor power equipment ≤25 hp effective January 2026, with a gross-misdemeanor penalty structure (up to $10,000 / 364 days) that drew conservative-media backlash. HB 2051 (2024 session, softer follow-up) directed the Department of Ecology to adopt California CARB Title 13 SORE standards for equipment manufactured on or after January 1, 2027, exempting chainsaws and generators. Public hearing January 11, 2024; died in committee. No 2025- or 2026-session successor has been filed. Washington is not a Clean Air Act §177 state and Ecology has not adopted CARB SORE standards. Gov. Ferguson's December 2025 supplemental budget redirected $569M in Climate Commitment Act auction proceeds to the Working Families Tax Credit — a signal that state-level climate spend on SORE is unlikely in the near term.
Full districtwide ban on the sale and use of gas-powered leaf blowers under the Leaf Blower Regulation Amendment Act of 2018. Passed unanimously by the DC Council; signed by Mayor Bowser; effective January 1, 2022. Exempts federal land only. Violations carry fines up to $500, enforceable by citizen report. Among the earliest U.S. jurisdictions with a binding, comprehensive use ban.
Leaf Blower Regulation Amendment Act of 2018 prohibits the use and sale of gasoline-powered leaf blowers throughout the District of Columbia, except on Federal land. Three-year phase-out culminated in full prohibition on 2022-01-01. Enforcement: DC Department of Licensing and Consumer Protection (DLCP), with civil fines up to $500 per violation. Retailers must conspicuously notify customers that gas blowers may not be used in DC.
Rebate, grant, trade-in, and discount programs that offset the cost of switching to electric lawn equipment in Washington, D.C.. Run by municipalities, counties, utilities, co-ops, and nonprofits — sourced from the U.S. PIRG Education Fund's leaf-blower / lawn-mower policy map.
DC Sustainable Energy Utility offers rebates for the purchase of electric push and riding lawn mowers.